Second kind
There is nothing in books of traditions and books written on biographies,
which may prove the Islam of Abu Qahafa, except for a report, which Ahmad has
mentioned in his Musnad,1 through the channel of Ibne Ishaq from Asma,
daughter of Abu Bakr.
Allamah Amini says: This report is not correct, because in its chains of
narrator is Muhammad bin Ishaq bin Yasar bin Khayar Madani, who was a native
of Iraq, and this report is his fabrication. Sulaiman Teemi has said that Ibne Ishaq
was an excessive liar. Hisham bin Urwah has said that he was an excessive liar.
Malik has said that he was included in the circle of liars and was an
excessive liar himself.
Yahya bin Qattan said: “I testify that Muhammad bin Ishaq was an excessive
liar.”
It is concluded from the report of Ahmad itself that his coming to Messenger
of Allah (s.a.w.a.) – supposing he came –was only to get the release of his
daughter, who was taken a captive by Muslims. If he had become Muslim and
this coming of his was for embracing Islam, he would have regularly come to
meet the Prophet.
And during the time of the Prophet’s stay in Mecca, he would have found it
good opportunity to meet him and benefit from knowledge of His Eminence
(s.a.w.a.) and learnt commands of religion from him and it was necessary that he
should have visited the Prophet during Farewell Hajj.
If he was a Muslim, he should have quoted traditions from the Messenger of
Allah (s.a.w.a.) even though it be a single tradition or should have quoted reports
from companions even though from one person among them.
If he had embraced Islam, he should have a word about Islam or a statement
in its defense or a statement calling to it would have been narrated from him. Or
in history, there should have been a mention of the day on which he embraced Islam, or a report about his faith in Almighty Allah and His messenger would
have been seen; and at least he should have narrated the story of his conversion.
Islam of Abu Bakr’s mother
The condition of the Islam of Abu Bakr’s mother is same as that of his
father, Abu Qahafa, which does not have any evidence and proof.
The report of her embracing Islam is only narrated by Abdullah bin
Muhammad Umari.2 Nasai has accused him of lying. Dhahabi and Ibne Hajar3
have mentioned this statement of Nasai. Regarding another report, which only
Umari has narrated, Darqutni has mentioned that this tradition is not correct and
only Umari has narrated it and he is a weak narrator. Other persons mentioned in
the authorities of this report are all from Teem tribe.
The report itself contains evidences that refute it from various aspects.4
Also, the fact that Umme Khair – Abu Bakr’s mother -remained in marriage
to Abu Qahafa in Mecca makes the issue completely clear, because her Islam,
according to those, who say that she embraced Islam in the 6th year of
proclamation of Islam (Besat) and Abu Qahafa embraced Islam in the 8th year
Hijri, year of conquest of Mecca.
Thus, there was a gap of thirteen years between the Islam of these two. So,
which book or report justifies that this Muslim lady, who was the mother of an
individual like Abu Bakr, in these long years should remain in the marriage of
Abu Qahafa, who was not a Muslim? What kept them together, whereas
separation between them is the first sign of being Muslim?
Thus, where is her acceptance of Islam? And how will her Islam be proved?